The former player: 'I wanted to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This piece contains details of racially offensive comments and conduct
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racism in professional rugby brought his professional journey to an early end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the sport, displaying Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what happened," he explained to media outlets.
"I really hoped to continue competing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when news came out that there were inquiries underway.
"This situation was difficult - I had to just accept the outcome and understand that this entire situation is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but stated it could not collect sufficient proof to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also encountered discrimination within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his debut in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the problem that I've personally experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"Over a extended period you just begin to believe that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was eventually spurred to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and told him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the elite level."
"The organization has placed considerable attention on diversity and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work undertaken both before and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"We are ongoing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to work for a environment of acceptance but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
Every Prem and PWR club now has face-to-face education on building inclusive environments, with its effectiveness monitored via specific documentation and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to intervene and defend others from harmful conduct.
"You be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the film about his experiences.
"I know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our eyes, you have done so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff died shortly after the production of the film, and his sibling died earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the game more accessible.
His charitable organization works to reach children in under-served communities and help them thrive both on the pitch with free sports coaching, guidance and nutrition education.
"My motivations are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is willing to share their experience then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the game as excellent as it can be and the more I talk about it perhaps the more confident others will become about sharing their own stories as well.
"I need to grab the bull by the opportunity and keep carrying this flag and continue carrying this responsibility and do what I can to develop possibilities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There's a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I honestly think that rugby has the potential to transform their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in November 2022